Low-Cost Funeral Arrangements

Anyone who has planned a funeral in recent years is aware that funeral costs in the United States are extraordinarily high. According to data from the National Funeral Directors Association, the median cost of a funeral with a viewing in the U.S. in 2023 is about $7,000 for cremation and $8,000 for a conventional burial. And that price does not include the cost of a burial plot, burial vault, interment in a cemetery, a headstone or grave marker or incidental expenses such as flowers and an obituary. In truth, the actual cost of the average funeral can exceed $10,000. In certain parts of the country where the cost of living is especially high such as New York, the price is typically higher still. 

Thus, it almost goes without saying that funeral expenses can put a huge financial burden on many American families unless their loved one planned for those expenses before their death. And for those who don’t have the financial wherewithal to shoulder the cost, planning a funeral on a limited budget can add unnecessary stress to an already difficult time. 

Fortunately, there are more than a few ways that you can save on funeral expenses and decrease or even eliminate some of your out-of-pocket costs. 

To start, it’s important to remember that you are not obligated to purchase all products and services from one provider. You can shop around for competitive prices for everything from caskets and burial containers to cremation services and urns. You should also be aware that you have certain consumer rights when planning a funeral, which are guaranteed by the FTC Funeral Rule. These include, first and foremost, the right to be given a price list in advance of making any purchase and the right to select only those goods and services you want. A funeral home cannot force you to buy a “package deal.” 

Some of your other rights under the funeral rule include:

• The right to get prices over the phone without providing your contact information. Some funeral homes also post their general price list online. 
• The right to see a casket price list before you are shown the caskets the funeral home offers for sale
• The right to see a written price list for “outer burial containers” such as grave liners and vaults
• The right to provide the funeral home with a casket you purchased elsewhere. The funeral home cannot refuse to accept a casket from another provider nor charge a fee for doing so. 
• The right to provide an “alternative container” for cremation.
• The right to a written, accurate statement of all goods and services you select before you pay for them.
• The right to refuse embalming. Except when a body is being transported across state lines, no state in the U.S. requires embalming. Some funeral homes may insist that embalming is necessary if a public viewing is to take place on their premises, but many will waive the requirement if the family objects. 

Keep in mind, too, that the best time to shop for funeral services is before, not after, a death. All too often, grieving loved ones are easily manipulated into spending more on a funeral than is necessary or prudent. Planning in advance is the very best way to prevent this. 

Remember, too, that the best value may be a funeral provider some distance from your home. As you compare prices, it’s a good idea to call funeral homes outside your immediate vicinity and ask if they serve clients in your area. Some funeral homes, especially those in rural areas, serve a wide radius and offer more affordable prices than those in larger cities and towns. 

The Cost of Cremation Versus Burial

The decision whether to bury or cremate a loved one can be influenced by many factors, including personal values, culture and religious doctrine. However, if those factors are not terribly important to those planning the funeral, the difference in cost between burial and cremation is a consideration as well. As a rule, cremation is considerably less expensive than burial, most importantly because many of the trappings of interment in a cemetery are not required. For example, cremation does not require:

• A burial plot, which can cost between $1,000 and $4,000 depending on location. In some metropolitan areas, such as New York City, the price of a plot can reach $19,000.
• A casket: Nowhere in the U.S. is a casket required for cremation. Families may supply an “alternative container,” which can be made of soft wood or cardboard and cost under $30 if purchased online. The family can even make the container themselves and save even more. 
• A burial vault or grave liner, which is required by most conventional cemeteries and ranges in price from about $1,000 to $7,000. 
• A “perpetual care fee,” an amount generally equal to about 5% to 25% of the cost of a burial plot, which is invested in a trust, the proceeds from which are used for lawn mowing, caring for the cemetery grounds, etc.after the cemetery is full. 

Direct cremation, which is cremation without a funeral service, is another option that can save families a great deal of money. Typically the charge for direct cremation includes transportation from the location of the death to the funeral home, and, if necessary, to the crematory. (You may also deal directly with a crematory, but not all crematories offer this option, so you may need to shop around.) As of 2023, the average cost of a direct cremation in the U.S. is between $800 and $3,000 depending on where you live and the options you choose. Direct cremation also offers the additional benefit of giving grieving family members time to arrange an affordable, personalized memorial service sometime in the future without the involvement of a funeral home.

It is worth noting here that other options for final disposition are also available for families to explore. They include alkaline hydrolysis (also known as resomation, biocremation, aquamation, green cremation and water cremation), natural organic reduction (human composting) and more. However, as of this writing these options are not available nationwide and are generally at least as if not more expensive than either direct burial or direct cremation. 

Saving on Burial Costs

If your family chooses to bury your loved one, there are some ways to minimize costs. For one,  you can look into a green or natural burial, which, while more expensive than direct cremation, can be significantly less costly than a funeral at a conventional cemetery. Green burial grounds do not require or even permit burial vaults or outer burial containers of any kind — a savings of about $1,000 to $1,500. Further, in green cemeteries, you must bury your loved one in a biodegradable coffin or shroud. And while these items can be expensive, there are affordable options available. In many cases, you can purchase a shroud for under $500 and a biodegradable coffin for between $500 and $2,000, depending on the material you choose. You can also make a shroud or a simple wicker coffin yourself.

Most green cemeteries and natural burial grounds also prohibit headstones or artificial grave markers, which represents additional savings. In some cases you can plant a native tree as a marker, and all green cemeteries provide you with GPS coordinates so you can locate and visit your loved one’s grave. Additionally, because there are no lush, manicured grounds to maintain in a natural burial ground, there is rarely a perpetual care fee. However, there will still be fees associated with opening and closing the grave. 

If you don’t wish to have a natural burial or there is no natural burial ground in your area, you can still save on burial costs if you choose a reasonably priced casket. Aside from a burial plot, a casket is typically the single most expensive item families buy when planning a funeral, ranging in price from about $2,000 for a simple model to over $10,000 for a casket made of mahogany or bronze. Funeral directors are well aware of this, and will usually try to steer you towards more expensive options if you don’t clearly state your budget in advance. Keep in mind that the Funeral Rule requires the funeral home to show you a casket price list in advance of entering the showroom. When you’re presented with the list, ask to see only those caskets that you can afford.  If the funeral home doesn’t have a casket you can afford or if prices seem too high, investigate casket retailers online. You have a legal right to purchase a casket from anyone and have it delivered to the funeral home. They must accept the delivery and cannot charge you an extra fee for doing so. 

Lastly, if your loved one has not already purchased a burial plot, it’s often possible to buy a plot from a broker or reseller at a fraction of the cost of purchasing a plot from a cemetery. For a variety of reasons, many people who have purchased plots in advance of their death decide that they don’t want the plot after all. Since many cemeteries won’t buy a plot back at a reasonable price, these individuals often turn to plot brokers and resellers to recoup some of the money that they have spent.  Companies such as PlotBrokers and GraveSolutions list available cemetery plots and assist with the buying process, typically for a fee and/or commission. Additionally, many individuals with burial plots to sell list them on sites such as The Cemetery Exchange, Grave Sales and even CraigsList and EBay. These are private party sales, so there is typically no commission or fee to pay if you find a plot that suits your needs. 

Saving on Funeral Costs

Whether you choose cremation, burial or another option for final disposition, planning a funeral also involves other costs. These include a non-declinable basic services fee, which covers the funeral home’s overhead, staff salaries and the like, and costs associated with transporting and preparing the body, which are, in most cases, unavoidable. However, there are a number of costs associated with a typical funeral that are completely optional. These include:

• Embalming: As mentioned earlier, no state or federal law requires a body to be embalmed, except a few states that require it if a body is being transported across state lines. Some funeral homes will insist on embalming if you plan to hold a public viewing, but most of these will waive the requirement if you agree to a small family viewing in a private room. 
• A viewing or visitation held in a funeral home: Although many families choose to hold a viewing or visitation after a loved one dies, it does not need to take place at a funeral home. If your loved one died at home, you can keep their body in the home using simple cooling techniques and hold a viewing there. (This may be possible if they died in a hospital or nursing home, but the logistics will likely be challenging.)You can also hold a funeral in a private home as well. To learn more about this option, see our section on Home Funerals and Natural Death Care.
• Memorial cards: Most funeral homes offer “in memoriam” cards and other printed materials as keepsakes for funeral attendees. However, these cards are generally far more costly than personalized memorial cards you can purchase online and design yourself. Most online retailers offer a very quick turnaround time; some offer same-day shipping on orders received by a certain cut-off time. 
• Flowers: Although flowers are a wonderful addition to a funeral, they can be quite expensive if you order through a funeral home. If you choose to have flowers at a viewing or funeral service, you can usually save a great deal by ordering from a local florist yourself. Depending on where you live and the season, you can also ask friends and family to gather wildflowers and greenery and make DIY displays. 

How to Get Help With Funeral Expenses

Even if you and your family choose direct cremation for a loved one who has died, the cost can be prohibitive if the funds simply aren’t available. According to the latest data from Bankrate, 22% of Americans have no emergency savings, and fewer than one in four have sufficient cash on hand to cover an unexpected medical or funeral bill. It can be extremely challenging for families facing these serious financial constraints to come up with the cash to pay for a funeral, especially in the case of an unanticipated death. And while paying for a funeral with a credit card is possible, the interest rates on most bank credit cards make repaying the debt in a timely manner quite difficult. 

Fortunately, there are a few federal and state agencies that assist  families who need financial assistance to pay for funeral expenses. These include:

The Social Security Administration (SSA)

If your loved one was eligible for Social Security benefits when they died,, their surviving spouse or next of kin can receive a lump-sum benefit of $255 (as of 2023) towards funeral costs. This lump sum amount is separate from the Social Security Survivors Benefit, which is a monthly benefit paid to eligible family members on an ongoing basis. 

Note: Medicare, which is available to most people who are eligible for Social Security benefits,  does not pay for funeral expenses; it only covers medical expenses for those who are alive.

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

If your loved one died as a result of a declared federal major disaster FEMA will assist with funeral expenses up to a designated amount. Covered costs typically include:

• A casket or urn
• Funeral service
• Transportation of the body
• Transportation of up to two family members to the disaster location to identify the deceased
• Cost of up to five certified copies of the death certificate
• Burial plot or niche
• Interment cost
• Cost of reinterment if the disaster caused disinterment from a cemetery or a family cemetery on private property 

For victims of the COVID-19 pandemic, FEMA has authorized the payment of unreimbursed funeral expenses of up to $9,000 per person for deaths that occurred after January 20, 2020. Payments are authorized through September 30, 2025. 

Victims of other natural disasters, such as tornadoes, hurricanes and wildfires, are also eligible if the incident was designated as a major disaster by the President of the United States. 

The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)

The VA will reimburse a portion of your loved one’s funeral expenses if they died while serving in the U.S. military or were honorably discharged from the U.S. Armed Services. Since 2014, the amount is limited to a flat fee: $2,000 towards funeral expenses if the veteran died a service-related death (either while deployed or as a result of an illness or injury acquired during military service) and $300 for a non-service-related death. If your loved one was hospitalized at a VA facility at the time of death, the VA will also pay $796 towards a burial plot. You will need to submit the required documents to claim this benefit. To learn more about what to submit and where, visit the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Compensation web page. (Note: These benefit amounts may change as the VA adjusts its policies.)

Medicaid & Other State-Specific Funeral Assistance 

Most states do not reimburse funeral costs to indigent individuals through the Medicaid program. However, in some states, individuals who receive Medicaid benefits can qualify for special funeral assistance through other programs offered by their state. To determine if your state provides help with funeral costs, contact your state Medicaid agency. You can find the name and contact information for your area on this interactive map from Medicaid.gov. 

Victims Compensation Programs

Offered through the U.S. Department of Justice Office of Victims of Crimes, Victim Compensation Programs are state-run, federally funded programs that help victims pay for expenses related to injuries inflicted during a violent crime. These may include medical expenses, mental health counseling, lost wages and funeral costs. Search for your state’s Victim Compensation Program on this interactive web page of the Office of Victims of Crime. 

Nonprofits That Assist With Funeral Costs

Although there are few nonprofits that provide direct assistance with funeral costs for adults, there are a number of nonprofit organizations across the United States that offer financial assistance to needy families who have lost children under the age of 18.  Among them are: 

The TEARS Foundation– Based in Puyallup, Washington, the Tears Foundation will reimburse a portion of funeral costs to families of children who have died. The amount and type of reimbursement depends on the age of the child and the circumstances of their death. You can apply for assistance using their online application or contact your local chapter to learn more.

Final Farewell – Final Farewell is a nonprofit based in Jenkintown, Pennsylvania, that offers financial assistance to families who need help with funeral costs for a child. Although they have provided assistance to families across the United States, 90% of their clients are from the Philadelphia area and areas throughout Pennsylvania. To request assistance or advice, fill out the online application on the Final Farewell website.

Additionally, many houses of worship maintain a benevolence fund which they use to help members of the congregation meet unexpected expenses, including those for a funeral. Some larger religious organizations, such as Catholic Charities and the Jewish Federations of North America may offer assistance and advice as well. 

Crowdfunding for Funeral Expenses

Crowdfunding platforms are increasingly being used to meet emergency expenses, especially medical expenses and funeral costs. Well-known platforms such as GoFundMe and Give A Hand are popular choices due to the ease with which users can create a campaign and name recognition when soliciting funds. Neither platform charges campaign organizers a fee. However, both charge a 2.9% transaction fee plus $0.30 per donation. 

Another crowdfunding option created specifically for funeral expenses is Fund the Funeral. Created by a group of funeral directors to help at-need families raise the funds for funeral costs, the platform works directly with funeral homes to create fundraising campaigns for clients. Only funeral homes registered with the site can participate, but any funeral home in the U.S. can join. The site charges no fee to clients using the site, but does charge a set 5% transaction fee for each donation.

Although crowdfunding can be an easy way to generate funds in an emergency, it’s worth noting that many campaigns fail to reach their goal. Users who have a large social media presence and a diverse network of friends and family tend to be most successful. The prevalence of fraudulent campaigns often prevents those who don’t know the family well from contributing, lest their donation be misused. 

Body Donation As The Least Costly Option

Donating your body or that of a loved one to science is the least costly way to save on funeral expenses; almost all body donation programs provide free cremation or alkaline hydrolysis when all studies are complete. Some organizations will return the loved ones’ ashes to the family upon request, while others scatter the ashes at sea. 

As a general rule, there are two routes to donation: body donation to a medical school and body donation through a privately owned company known as a non-transplant anatomical donation organization or NADO. Both options should be arranged well in advance. 

Body Donation To a Medical School

When you donate your body or that of a loved one to a medical school, one or more medical students will dissect the body in the anatomy lab and study it over a period of several months. When studies are complete, the body is cremated through either traditional cremation or alkaline hydrolysis at no charge to the family.

Because the body must be in good condition to be appropriate for study, most medical schools have fairly strict criteria for acceptance. For example, a mutilated body such as someone who was in an automobile accident or a body that has been autopsied, will typically be rejected, as will one from which organs have been removed for donation. Additionally, a person who was very overweight or malnourished or suffered from an infectious disease such as HIV, hepatitis, TB or COVID-19 is rarely suitable for this kind of body donation.  

The length of time a body is used in studies varies, but is usually about six months to one year. Families must understand that there will be no open-casket funeral or viewing when a body has been donated to medical science. However, many medical schools hold a “gratitude ceremony” at the end of each semester during which students and faculty pay their respects to those who so generously donated their body so the students could learn. Families are typically not invited, but nonetheless can take comfort in knowing a personal memorial service took place.

To find a medical school with a body donation program in your state, consult this list from the Anatomical Board of the State of Florida. 

Body Donation Through a NADO

Non-anatomical donation organizations are private corporations that accept bodies for donation and distribute them to various research facilities for study. Your or your loved one’s body may be used for a number of purposes, including drug development, disease-specific research, medical device development, perfection of surgical techniques, training of first responders and more. When all studies are complete, the remains are cremated at no charge to the family, and, in most cases, the ashes can be returned to loved ones upon request. 

Generally speaking, bodies donated through an NADO are not subject to as strict eligibility criteria as those donated to a medical school. However, some exclusions still exist. These include medical issues such as infectious diseases or extreme obesity or malnutrition; legal issues such as problems with consent, and issues around transporting the body from the place of death. 

If you live in the state of Florida or Arizona and think you would be interested in donating to an NADO, you may register through the United Tissue Network, an accredited non-profit that works with NADOs in those states.

Because acceptance into any body donation program is not guaranteed, it is a good idea to have a backup plan such as direct cremation for final disposition. Even if you or your loved one was accepted as a donor in advance, the final decision as to whether to accept a body is made by the organization at the time of death.

Save by Planning in Advance

In summary, there are a number of ways for individuals and families to save on funeral expenses or have some of those expenses defrayed.  However, savings start with being an informed consumer and, whenever possible, planning in advance. Even if money is tight, putting a small amount of money in a payable-on-death account each month will mean that at least some funds are available when you or your loved one dies. Researching the cost of funeral services, cremation and burial in your area is also a good idea so you are prepared to negotiate with service providers when the need arises. And if you choose to donate your or your loved one’s body to science, you can save time and make the process easier if you make arrangements in advance. 

Sources

“2021 NFDA General Price List Study Shows Funeral Costs Not Rising as Fast as Rate of Inflation”. NFDA. https://nfda.org/news/media-center/nfda-news-releases/id/6182/2021-nfda-general-price-list-study-shows-funeral-costs-not-rising-as-fast-as-rate-of-inflation 

“The FTC Funeral Rule”. Federal Trade Commission. https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/ftc-funeral-rule 

“How Much Does It Cost to Be Buried in a Cemetery”. Bronx Funeral Home. https://bronxfuneralhome.com/blog/cost-of-burial-in-cemetery/#:~:text=Cemetary%20Plot%20Cost%20in%20New,is%20from%20%244%2C500%20to%20%2419%2C000. 

“Cremation Containers”. Affordable Funeral Supply. https://www.affordablefuneralsupply.com/cremation/Cremation-containers/ 

“How Much Does Cremation Cost?”. Lincoln Heritage Funeral Advantage. https://funeraladvantage.com/consumer-resources/cremation-costs/#:~:text=The%20National%20Funeral%20Directors%20Association%20conducted%20a%20survey%20and%20found,costs%2C%20on%20average%2C%20%246%2C078. 

“Alkaline Hydrolysis”. Cremation Association of North America. https://www.cremationassociation.org/alkalinehydrolysis.html 

“Bankrate’s 2025 Annual Emergency Savings Report”. Bankrate. https://www.bankrate.com/banking/savings/emergency-savings-report/#key-stats 

“Survey: Retail card interest rates remain sky high, resisting Fed rate changes”. Bankrate. https://www.bankrate.com/credit-cards/news/retail-store-credit-card-survey/#:~:text=Key%20takeaways,exceedingly%20high%2033.24%20percent%20APR. 

“Disasters and Declarations”. FEMA. https://www.fema.gov/disaster/declarations 

“Does Medicaid Offer Funeral Assistance?” Medicare Advantage. https://www.medicareadvantage.com/medicaid/does-medicaid-cover-funeral-assistance 

“Honoring the Body Donors Who Are a Medical Student’s ‘First Patient’”. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/31/science/donor-bodies-medical-school-appreciation.html#:~:text=Gratitude%20ceremonies%20give%20students%20and,loved%20ones%20they%20left%20behind. 

There are several options to consider when seeking to purchase affordable flowers for a funeral. While it can certainly be helpful to shop around and compare prices among bouquets and arrangements, other practical methods for finding affordable funeral flowers can include:

• Requesting fewer flowers 
• Using seasonal flowers only 
• Purchasing artificial or silk flowers
• Purchasing from discount stores or grocery stores 
• Using more ferns and fillers 
• Ordering wholesale flowers or buying at a local wholesale flower market
• Remaining arrangements at funeral homes are offered for free
• Asking local funeral homes for remaining arrangements after a service

Requesting fewer flowers can be an initial method of saving money on the floral arrangement for a funeral. This is typically most effective when working directly with a florist and being transparent about the available budget for flowers. The decision to request fewer flowers can mean focusing on creating a smaller arrangement that is primarily composed of fewer blooms or using fewer flowers but increasing the amount of ferns and fillers used instead.

Selecting flowers that are in season also tends to be more affordable in comparison to those that are out of season. Most floral shops maintain a variety of arrangements appropriate for the season and are usually willing to swap out-of-season flowers with those that are in-season if there’s a particular arrangement style that you prefer.

If working directly with the floral shop remains too costly, a comparable option would be to purchase flowers from a local grocery store or discount store. While these arrangements are typically less personalized than what is available at a floral shop, they provide the opportunity to create your own memorable arrangement at a fraction of the price.

Artificial flowers or silk flowers can be affordable if you are willing to conduct some general price comparisons and consider the overall longevity of this option. The more affordable artificial and silk flowers are typically located at discount stores, whereas some of the more expensive variations are often found at craft stores. Artificial flowers hold an additional advantage over real flowers in that they can be repurposed as keepsakes after the funeral or memorial service.

If there is enough time before the funeral, a significantly cheaper method of acquiring funeral flowers is to order them wholesale or visit a local wholesale flower market. At these markets, you can often buy flowers at a deep discount without a resale license; simply ask the vendors at their booths if they allow public sales. There are also countless vendors available online that sell wholesale flowers at a highly discounted price, making it easy and affordable to purchase dozens or even hundreds of flowers for a beautiful arrangement.

Another potential option is to select flowers and blooms that typically tend to have lower prices. While some of these flowers, such as the lily, may not always be in season, most of them are readily available and are popular choices for funerals. Some cheaper flower options include:

• Daisies
• Carnations
• Lilies
• Freesia

Although finding the most affordable flowers can be time consuming and require some additional research, it can help you save hundreds of dollars during the funeral planning process. It is important to be mindful that lower priced flowers sometimes vary in quality, so exploring different options and comparing quality is crucial to achieve the ideal arrangement. With careful planning and selection, you can create a meaningful floral tribute for your loved one at a minimal price.

Sources

“What Are Some Cheap Options for Funeral Flowers?” The Flowers Directory. https://www.theflowersdirectory.com/products/what-are-some-cheap-options-for-funeral-flowers 

“Ways to Reduce Funeral Expenses”. Titan Casket. https://titancasket.com/pages/ways-to-reduce-funeral-expenses 

“How to Save Money on Funeral Flowers: 3 Smart Tips”. Veterans Funeral Care. https://veteransfuneralcare.com/blog/how-to-save-money-on-funeral-flowers-3-smart-tips 

Individuals who plan to conduct a funeral themselves must adhere to the laws, regulations, and level of care that a funeral service practitioner would provide. While choosing a home funeral can reduce your overall costs, you are expected to fulfill some general requirements to comply with the law. For example, a death certificate must be filed for any death that occurs in the United States, and only a funeral director can fulfill this requirement in some states. The National Home Funeral Alliance maintains a list of associated state laws to be aware of if you are interested in conducting a home funeral.

If part of the home funeral plans involves transporting the body of the person who died to the site where they will be buried or cremated, another legal requirement that typically needs to be fulfilled is a burial-transit permit. Once you have obtained the permit, keep it handy in case you need to prove that you have permission and authorization to handle specific arrangements. Transportation permits can be essential if you are traveling across state lines with the body of the person who died.

There are many people in the funeral industry who consider themselves to be home funeral-friendly and are willing to help you understand the applicable guidelines and regulations in your state if you’re seeking clarity about the logistics. Generally speaking, no laws require individuals to use a funeral home when planning or arranging services. Similarly, individuals have the right to purchase only the services they want, and they aren’t required to use them if they don’t want them. Whether you choose a home funeral or a traditional funeral, we encourage you to become familiar with the Funeral Rule to ensure you understand your rights. 

Sources 

“Am I Required By Law to Use a Funeral Home?” National Cremation. https://www.nationalcremation.com/cremation-information/am-i-required-by-law-to-use-a-funeral-home 

“State Laws”. National Home Funeral Alliance. https://www.homefuneralalliance.org/state-laws.html

A potter’s field is a term used to describe a burial site for unknown, unclaimed or indigent individuals. The name originated from the New Testament when Judas Iscariot is said to have given high priests the money he was paid to betray Jesus, which they used to purchase land, “the potter’s field,” in which to bury unknown people. Over time, “potter’s field” became synonymous with any burial site for the poor or unclaimed.

These burial grounds for the unclaimed still exist across the United States, though they may be known by other names today, such as county cemeteries or public burial grounds. Today, the majority of unclaimed bodies in the United States are cremated, stored for a set period of time, and then either scattered or buried in a county or state-owned mass grave, some of which the public can visit. New York City is home to the largest public cemetery in the US, on Hart Island off the coast of the Bronx. Dating back to 1869, over one million people have been buried there, with over 1,000 more interred each year (with upticks during public health crises like COVID).

Sources

“Why Are Common Graves Called Potter’s Fields?” Mental Floss. https://www.mentalfloss.com/language/potters-field-name-origin 

“The Island Where New York City Buries Its Unclaimed Dead Is Becoming a Park”. Smithsonian Magazine. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/new-yorks-secretive-islandhome-to-the-bodies-of-more-than-1-millionwill-become-a-park-180981915/ 

“Hart Island”. NYC: Hart Island. https://www.nyc.gov/site/hartisland/hart-island/hart-island.page 

Using a crowdfunding platform to help cover funeral expenses can be an effective option for addressing financial challenges associated with final arrangements. Crowdfunding platforms allow individuals to raise funds through online donors who pledge to contribute money to support a cause. Since funerals can cost thousands of dollars, crowdfunding can provide a quick way to acquire some or all of the funds necessary for services in the event of an unexpected death.  

The process associated with effective crowdfunding is fairly simple. Individuals can set up an account on a popular platform and start a campaign to communicate the need for financial support. They then share the campaign through social media, email, or text messages. The campaign should clearly communicate the reason for the request and outline the anticipated costs for the funeral. Many people find it helpful to share additional information about the cause of death and why they are unable to cover the costs for arrangements independently. Including pictures and allowing others to share their memories of the person who died can further personalize the campaign and make it more relatable. 

It is important to be realistic about the amount of funding that the family can raise with a campaign, as well as how taxes or fees can change the total amount of funds received when the campaign has concluded. Although crowdfunding can help raise some of the necessary funds for the funeral, it can be challenging to raise enough money if the campaign isn’t shared with an extensive social network or spread consistently throughout the community. Similarly, every crowdfunding platform has its own policies regarding the amount of fees and taxes it deducts from the final amount raised, so it’s important to be aware of how these limitations can impact funds. Providing details about the funeral home or crematory that will be responsible for the services and being fully transparent about how the funds will only be used can help reduce reluctance among potential donors.

The decision to use a crowdfunding platform to cover funeral expenses is often a matter of personal preference, but it is becoming increasingly prevalent. According to Midland National, around 20% of adults aged 20 to 39 have used crowdfunding to raise funding for funeral arrangements, and over 125,000 memorial fundraisers have been started solely on GoFundMe. Ultimately, individuals interested in pursuing crowdfunding are encouraged to consider both the benefits and drawbacks of this method, as well as potential alternatives to covering expected costs. 

Sources

“Crowdfunding for Funerals and Memorials”. FuneralWise. https://www.funeralwise.com/funeral-cost/crowdfunding/ 

“Get Help With Burial Expenses Using These Resources”. GoFundMe. https://www.gofundme.com/c/blog/burial-expenses 

“Don’t Make These Four Crowdfunded Funeral Mistakes”. Keefe Funeral Home. https://www.keefefuneralhome.com/dont-make-these-four-crowdfunded-funeral-mistakes 

“A growing number of millennials seek crowdfunding for final expenses”. Midland National. https://www.midlandnational.com/learn-and-plan/millennial-crowdsourcing-funerals 

The “basic service fee” is a charge that all consumers who purchase funeral services from a funeral home must pay, regardless of the optional services they choose. It covers the professional services of the funeral director and staff, as well as other services common to all funerals, such as:

• The initial consultation with the funeral director
• Funeral planning
• Obtaining authorizations
• Filing the death certificate and cremation permit, etc. 
• Sheltering the remains
• Coordinating arrangements with the cemetery, crematory or other third parties
• Administrative costs and overhead

The Funeral Rule requires funeral homes to state what is included in their basic service fee and provide the following disclosure in the itemized price list given to the consumer:

This fee for our basic services and overhead will be added to the total cost of the funeral arrangements you select. (This fee is already included in our charges for direct cremations, immediate burials, and forwarding or receiving remains.)

With that being said, the amount of the basic service fee can vary a great deal between one funeral home and another — even those in the same city or town. To compare this fee, you can check the price survey from your local affiliate of the Funeral Consumers Alliance (FCA), which often lists the basic service fees of area funeral homes. The reason for this is simply that each funeral home has a great deal of discretion in determining what it charges for professional services and administrative tasks. The FTC does not limit what a funeral director can charge for consultation and planning, nor does it control what the funeral home charges for sheltering the remains. So each funeral home determines its basic services fee based on factors such as staffing levels and expertise, market conditions, and its typical clientele.

When planning a direct cremation or immediate burial, it is crucial to ask for those packages using those exact words, as adding any other services may allow the funeral home to charge you the full basic services fee instead of the lower, packaged price.

Sources

“Complying with the Funeral Rule”. Federal Trade Commission. https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/complying-funeral-rule#:~:text=The%20Funeral%20Rule%20requires%20you,about%20funeral%20goods%20and%20services. 

You can use one of a few online platforms to organize and coordinate a meal registry for a grieving loved one. These platforms are usually free to use and include a calendar so you can specify dates on which participants can volunteer to provide meals for the grieving person. Before setting up an account on one of these platforms, contact your friends and family to gauge their interest and availability. You can also extend the opportunity to your local community if you would like to get more people involved in the registry.

Everyone who volunteers should be able to commit to providing meals based on the number or cadence you agreed on. You should also plan to ensure that alternate meals are available if your friend or family member cannot provide the meals they had previously agreed to deliver. After gathering enough interest in your meal registry, you can contact your loved one to collect additional details. You will likely need the following information to coordinate meals that will meet the needs of your loved one and their family: 

• What schedule would work best for delivering meals? 
• Are there dietary restrictions (vegetarian, vegan, gluten-free, food allergies, etc)?
• Do they need enough meals for their entire family?
• Should meals be left at the door? 
• If they have children, do they want meals prepared for school?

After gathering this information, you can share it with the participants in your meal registry. As participants sign up to prepare and deliver meals, you can encourage them to provide information about the meals they plan on cooking or provide them with a list of preferred meals that fit your loved one’s dietary preferences. Make sure to communicate any dietary restrictions clearly to everyone involved in the effort. 

Providing meals to grieving loved ones is a compassionate gesture demonstrating care and a willingness to support them by any means necessary. The physical, mental, and emotional impact of grief often makes it difficult for grieving individuals to maintain their daily routine without disruption, even with tasks such as meal preparation. By developing a meal registry, you can help relieve some of the stress for your loved one during a sensitive and challenging time. 

Sources

“How Do the Top Food Train Calendars Compare?” Give in Kind. https://www.giveinkind.com/articles/top-food-train-calendars-compare 

“Guide: Meal Registries.” EverPlans. https://www.everplans.com/articles/guide-meal-registries 

Although honoring cultural or religious traditions while lowering funeral costs can be challenging, a few options exist. A general best practice is to contact local cultural or religious organizations that may be able to offer additional support regarding required rituals and customs or even financial assistance. It is not uncommon for such organizations or institutions of faith to have funds expressly set aside to ensure these provisions are available for needy individuals.

The next consideration would be to decide whether direct cremation or immediate burial would be appropriate. Both options are usually more affordable than traditional burial and allow most religious or cultural customs to occur before final disposition occurs. Still, it is essential to be aware of the culture or faith of the person who died when making this choice. For example, burial is often required or preferred in some religions so that immediate burial would be appropriate rather than direct cremation in that case.

Taking personal responsibility for managing essential customs and rituals is also an excellent way to keep funeral expenses affordable. This might entail performing tasks like preparing the body for burial, arranging special observances or dedicated time with the deceased, reciting meaningful poems or chants, and other significant gestures. The family may even choose to transport the body of the person who died to the place of burial or cremation, further decreasing costs.

Families should be encouraged and empowered to maintain their cultural and religious traditions and incorporate them in honoring their loved ones after death. When values or cultural preferences differ, it is important to make extra efforts to accommodate the various traditions of family and loved ones while also respecting the deceased’s values. Doing so may entail finding ways to incorporate both sets of traditions meaningfully and appropriately. Working closely with religious or cultural leaders in the community is an excellent way to receive additional guidance and suggestions on honoring these traditions within the constraints of a limited budget. 

Sources

“A guide to religious funeral traditions”. Empathy. https://www.empathy.com/funeral/a-guide-to-religious-funeral-traditions 

The most straightforward way to reduce costs associated with funeral planning would be to divide costs among friends and family members or allow each of them to contribute financially to specific aspects of the funeral. A funeral that might otherwise be too expensive for one individual can quickly become more affordable by sharing the costs across a group of several other individuals. If friends and family are not able to contribute financially, there are also other actions that they can take to help you reduce the costs of an upcoming funeral. 

Understandably, it can be overwhelming for one individual to take on the responsibility of making all of the funeral arrangements. Involving family and friends in the funeral planning process provides an opportunity to delegate various aspects of these arrangements so that each individual has a specific component they’re responsible for handling. For example, one friend can research funeral homes and associated prices while another friend can focus on contacting vendors for an affordable casket. 

Another possibility is to consider what each individual can contribute to the funeral planning process in terms of their skills. There are many aspects of a funeral service that can be achieved through a do-it-yourself approach. A family member who is skilled in cooking can prepare meals so that you don’t have to invest in catering after the funeral service. If a friend is skilled in graphic design, they can create memorial programs for the service and other mementos that can be given to attendees at the funeral. It can be helpful to create a list of the services and various components of the funeral needed and identify which individuals can do them to help reduce costs. 

Close collaboration and open communication are essential to effectively making funeral arrangements with friends and family. Working together can make the funeral planning process feel far less frustrating and make it easier to achieve a cost-effective yet meaningful farewell for a loved one. By delegating tasks across the group, you can quickly reduce the need to hire professional services and significantly reduce your overall costs. 

Sources

“10 Ways to Save on Funeral Costs”. AARP. https://www.aarp.org/money/personal-finance/ways-to-lower-funeral-costs/ 

The best way to ensure that the quality of service isn’t compromised by low-cost arrangements is to prioritize the components that are most significant to you. This can include the funeral home, the venue, and potential packaged services. While planning funeral arrangements on a limited budget can be challenging, it is still possible to make arrangements that appropriately honor a loved one and align with their preferences or values. 

The first component to consider is the funeral home and its pricing. Not all funeral homes will share the same prices for their amenities and services. Some may offer discounts or may have lower prices for the same options that can be found at another funeral home in the area. Transparency regarding the available budget and any limitations can make it easier to receive recommendations and quotes for services that fit within the budget. 

Another important component to consider is the selected venue. The decision to use a funeral home for making arrangements doesn’t mean that the service must be held there as well. There are usually a few alternative venues that offer reduced costs without reducing the overall quality of the event itself. Some potential locations for a funeral can include a place of faith, a meeting hall, or even at home among friends and family. 

Checking for potential service packages can be a great way to bundle specific services for the funeral while staying within budget. Funeral packages that combine services often come with a reasonable discount in comparison to paying for each service individually. There may be some services included that are optional or otherwise unnecessary, so it’s important to inquire about which services are required.

Above all, it is crucial to remember that the primary aim is to conduct a meaningful and respectful tribute for the loved one who died. Personalizing the services within the designated budget, holding space for attendees to pay their respects, and maintaining the appropriate tone throughout the memorial itself are all essential to honoring a loved one. By upholding these aspects and prioritizing the key components, a dignified and memorable service can be achieved even with low-cost arrangements. 

Sources

“How to Plan a Memorial Service”. Funeral Consumers Alliance. https://funerals.org/get-help/making-decisions/how-to-plan-a-memorial-service/ 

There are several steps involved with organizing a meaningful, low-cost funeral for a loved one. The first step to take before making any arrangements is to determine if your loved one has a pre-existing funeral plan or any benefits that may cover the cost of the funeral. They may have prepaid for services ahead of time, which can significantly reduce the expenses associated with remaining arrangements. If a prepaid funeral plan is not available, the next step is to make a list of everything that you want to be included in your loved one’s funeral.

Creating a list of services, amenities, and other important components of the funeral can help you identify what needs to be researched when you begin to review your options and compare prices. It makes it easier to create a reasonable estimate of the expenses in relation to your actual budget for the funeral. Finally, it allows you to identify services that you can manage on your own and personalize with your family rather than paying for a third party to manage it for a higher cost. When you contact funeral homes, you can request their price list for their services and further guidance on which services are optional or necessary. Additionally, you can contact your local Funeral Consumers Alliance affiliate, which often conducts price surveys and may list costs for services like direct cremation or immediate burial; some consumer-friendly funeral homes also post their complete General Price List (GPL) online. If your loved one didn’t have a preference, this is also an appropriate time to determine if you want to look at lower-cost options such as direct cremation, direct burial, green burial, or home funerals.

Sometimes it can be helpful to identify the aspects of the funeral that matter the most to you, your family, and your loved one. Prioritizing the costs of these aspects over the components that are less important or optional is an effective way to plan a funeral that remains authentic to the meaning of the event without overspending. For example, if having a visitation is an important aspect, you might consider having it immediately before the funeral or limiting the number of hours that it can be held to reduce the charges associated with the funeral home. If you don’t need a procession to the cemetery, opting for graveside-only services can be a more affordable option instead. 

Instead of opting for elaborate visual elements and decorations for the service, you can reduce additional costs by using items that you already have. This can include photographs of your loved one, lighting candles, or creating smaller displays for memorials. Even small changes, such as using flowers or plants from your own backyard or repurposing artificial flowers, can help you save hundreds of dollars. Overall, making strategic and thoughtful decisions during the planning process is key to successfully staying within your budget for a low-cost funeral. 

Sources

“Step-by-step guide to planning a funeral”. USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/story/community-hub/funeral-planning/2020/03/24/step-step-guide-planning-funeral/4933345002/ 

“How to Plan the Most Affordable Funeral”. Funeralocity. https://www.funeralocity.com/blog/how-to-plan-the-most-affordable-funeral/ 

Yes, having a meaningful funeral while maintaining a budget is absolutely possible. The true meaning and purpose of a funeral is to honor the life of the person who died and to provide support to those who are grieving the loss. Although traditional funerals can be expensive, there are numerous ways to honor your loved one without overspending or making a significant investment in final arrangements. You can start by establishing a realistic budget considering your daily expenses and needs. Once you have a clear expectation of how much you can spend on upcoming expenses for your preferred service, it’s easier to determine which options will be an ideal fit for your budget.

Two of the most common and traditional practices for maintaining affordability include direct cremation and direct (or immediate) burial. These options eliminate the need for embalming, viewings, visitations, and expensive caskets or urns. Depending on your preferences, the money saved in the selection of these options can be reallocated towards other expenses associated with honoring your loved one. Alternatively, if you have a limited budget, these options can simply be a low-cost solution to ensure final arrangements are taken care of without causing a financial deficit.

Honoring a loved one after death is often associated with a traditional funeral service, but there are many other options that can be appropriate alternatives, such as holding a memorial service or a celebration of life ceremony. Home vigils are another potential option if you don’t mind having a small gathering prior to contacting the funeral home to transport the body of the person who died. You will often find that being willing to take a do-it-yourself approach offers the most flexibility and cost-effectiveness in relation to honoring your loved one in a personal and meaningful manner that reflects their legacy. Depending on the circumstances surrounding the death and the family’s financial need, local community or religious organizations may also be willing to assist in providing resources to further support your efforts. 

If you’re willing to directly handle the funeral process yourself, you may be interested in conducting a home funeral. Home funerals generally involve minimal interaction with funeral homes and other industry professionals, which means you are responsible for taking on tasks such as cleansing and preparing the body, maintaining appropriate cooling, transportation, and other key aspects. The National Home Funeral Alliance offers a guide that provides details about everything you need to know in order to hold a home funeral, as well as providing additional support through their info line.

Since this is an option that doesn’t include embalming or many of the expensive components, such as high-end caskets, home funerals can cost significantly less compared to traditional funerals. The flexibility of a home funeral makes it possible to include nearly anything you want in remembrance of the person who died, so the cost will vary depending on your selections. The added privacy of an intimate setting means you can take your time honoring them with personalized rituals. You can memorialize them however you prefer, whether that includes decorating their shroud, surrounding them with flowers and meaningful items, or creating a sharing circle of stories and personal reflections.

Sources

“Ten Tips for Saving Funeral Dollars”. Funeral Consumers Alliance. https://funerals.org/get-help/how-to-save-money/ten-tips-for-saving-funeral-dollars/

“NHFA Home Funeral Guide”. National Home Funeral Alliance. https://www.homefuneralalliance.org/home-funeral-guidebook.html

Whether cremation or burial occurs after donating a body to research depends on the facility and how the body will be used. Payment for cremation or burial is not guaranteed in relation to body donation, although numerous programs will pay for the transportation of the donated body to the facility within a reasonable distance. If the donation program has agreed that the remains will be returned to the family after research is completed, then the costs of cremation may also be covered.

Most reputable organizations that accept body donations for research purposes are medical schools and medical research firms. These organizations generally indicate how the body will be used and for how long, setting clear expectations of when family or loved ones will receive the remains. In these instances, the facilities are usually willing to cremate the body at their expense and ship it back to the family of the person who died. Some institutions further honor the donor by holding a memorial service, where students speak about the “silent teacher” to whom they are indebted. Some research programs or facilities may indicate that they will not return the body, such as those that use skeletal remains. Other programs may only return unused tissues and remains that have been cremated rather than the entire body.

It is important to note that there isn’t a specific federal registry or program that handles whole-body donations intended for research, and likewise, the practice itself isn’t widely regulated. The American Association of Tissue Banks, a non-profit that provides standards for the safe and ethical handling of donated bodies and tissues, offers accreditation to members, but membership is voluntary and only about 120 facilities worldwide belong. Unfortunately, this means that individuals who are interested in donating a body usually need to do extensive research to find a reputable donation program since there are countless for-profit organizations that often take advantage of potential donors. These for-profit organizations frequently indicate that they will provide a low-cost or free cremation in exchange for a donated body, but never inform interested individuals that various body parts will be sold to other entities. In these scenarios, the body typically isn’t returned to the donor’s family and the intended use of the body remains unknown.

Sources

“What happens when you donate your body to science”. MIT Technology Review. https://www.technologyreview.com/2022/10/12/1060924/donating-your-body-science-body-farm/ 

“How does organ and body donation work?”. Mainline Health. https://www.mainlinehealth.org/blog/whole-body-donation#:~:text=After%20your%20body%20has%20been,it%20helped%20advance%20medical%20science. 

“About the American Association of Tissue Banks”. AATB. https://www.aatb.org/about 

“Cashing in on the donated dead: The Body Trade”.  Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-bodies-brokers/ 

Yes, it is possible to purchase a burial plot, or cemetery plot, from a private seller, including through platforms such as Craigslist. The cost of purchasing from a private owner (generally someone selling one or more plots that are no longer needed) is typically lower than purchasing directly from the cemetery. However, there are more limitations, such as not being able to choose the plot location, typically needing to pay in full, and the potential for shady dealings. Every cemetery plot has a legal deed, and it is imperative that this is verified and rewritten as the ownership is transferred, and it should be accompanied by a statement of sale. It’s prudent to contact the cemetery where the plot is located to verify its availability. Different states also have different regulations about cemetery plot resale, so you may want to check with the state government division overseeing cemetery regulations to ensure the sale is legal.

It’s also possible to purchase a privately owned plot through a third-party cemetery plot broker, akin to a real estate agent, but this will typically involve more fees. 

If you decide to buy a burial plot from a private owner, whether through Craigslist or any other means, it’s important to take  precautions to avoid potential issues or scams. You may wish to have a lawyer review the transaction to ensure relevant laws and regulations are being followed. Overall, purchasing from a private seller is generally safe; just be sure to take your time and do your research.

Sources

“How to Buy a Cemetery Plot”. Cemetery.com. https://www.cemetery.com/learning-center/guide-to-cemeteries/how-to-buy-cemetery-plot 

“Cemetery Plot Buying and Selling”. US Funerals Online. https://www.us-funerals.com/cemetery-plot-buying-and-selling/ 

A cemetery plot broker specializes in the purchase and sale of cemetery plots. They facilitate the transfer of ownership during the purchase process and ensure that all aspects of the transaction are handled appropriately. Although some cemetery plot brokers sell directly to individuals who are seeking to purchase a plot for themselves or a loved one, brokers may also earn commissions when selling plots on behalf of specific clients. 

Cemetery regulations and licensing can vary by state, which means that resale of cemetery plots may not be permitted in all states. Some states require cemetery plot brokers to have certain licenses, so individuals are advised to check local regulations if they are approached regarding the purchase or sale of a plot. Commissions are typical with the purchase or sale of a plot, but services facilitating the transaction should also be included in an ideal arrangement. In general, individuals are always encouraged to do their due diligence in researching potential options to ensure they select a reputable broker.

While the purchase and sale of cemetery plots is the primary service brokers offer, some brokers offer additional services such as cemetery research and assistance with plot locations or documentation. Since they are typically knowledgeable about cemetery policies and regulations, they may also guide individuals seeking to buy or sell their plots to help them make informed decisions. Most cemetery plot brokers can determine the market value of prospective plots and assist buyers and sellers in obtaining a fair price. 

Ultimately, partnering with a cemetery plot broker can be an effective way to navigate the process of purchasing or selling a plot, especially if individuals are seeking a plot based on specific criteria. A reputable broker can make the identification of a plot, the transfer of ownership, and the overall transaction easier for everyone involved. 

Sources

“How to Start a Business Selling Cemetery Plots”. Chron. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/start-business-selling-cemetery-plots-15504.html 

“Cemetery Plot Buying and Selling”. US Funerals Online. https://www.us-funerals.com/cemetery-plot-buying-and-selling/ 

According to the Funeral Consumer Alliance, no state law requires that you purchase a burial vault or grave liner. However, most traditional cemeteries do. As a general rule, the cemetery will give you the option of purchasing a grave liner or a vault. A concrete grave liner that covers only the top and sides of the coffin is generally the least costly option. A concrete vault, which encases the entire casket, will cost considerably more. If you opt for a vault that is reinforced with steel, copper or bronze or even high-impact plastic, that cost will increase considerably. 

When you are considering your options, keep in mind that the only true purpose of a vault or grave liner is to prevent the ground from settling and protect the casket from heavy equipment (such as backhoes and lawnmowers) that may pass over the grave. Burial liners and vaults do not prevent decomposition of a buried body, although they may slow it down somewhat. Decomposition is a natural process that occurs largely from the inside out. Exposure to the elements and microorganisms in the ground will likely speed up decomposition, but it will happen regardless of what kind of container the body is encased in. 

Keep in mind, too, that the FTC Funeral Rule requires that funeral providers give you a written price list for their burial liners and vaults. As a rule, the least expensive option will be perfectly adequate to meet your needs. It’s extremely unlikely that a cemetery would sell a vault that is not strong enough to prevent the ground from collapsing, which is the only valid reason a vault would be required. 

If you truly do not want to purchase a grave liner or vault, another option is to search for a natural or “green” burial ground in your area. These eco-friendly burial grounds generally prohibit concrete burial containers and vaults of any kind.  

Sources

“The Stages of Human Decomposition”. Aftermath. https://aftermath.com/blog/stages-human-decomposition 

“Traditional Burial”. Funeral Consumers Alliance. https://funerals.org/get-help/making-decisions/traditional-burial/ 

Although Medicaid does not typically pay for funeral expenses, four states consider Medicaid enrollment as eligibility for cremation or burial expense assistance. Since Medicaid is a state-maintained system, available assistance opportunities can vary significantly. The states with Medicaid enrollment considerations for cremation and burial expense assistance include:

• Indiana 
• Colorado
• Wyoming
• Wisconsin

If you live in one of these states, you will need to apply according to the designated process for your county or state. Aside from these options, you can reduce the financial burden by setting aside money to prepay a funeral home or to save in a separate account. As part of its financial rules, Medicaid permits recipients to set aside money for a burial fund, such as in a Totten Trust (a Payable on Death account), which is often considered part of the spend-down process. The specific rules for these accounts vary by state.

It is important to note that in most instances, funeral expenses are the sole responsibility of the family or estate. Families typically use life insurance proceeds, personal savings, or assistance from charitable organizations to cover the costs. Since assistance opportunities vary by state, working closely with a funeral director can help inform you of potential options and eligibility criteria in your area.

Sources

“Medicaid Funeral Assistance: Burial And Cremation Benefits By State”. Choice Mutual. https://choicemutual.com/blog/medicaid-funeral-assistance/ 

“Does Medicaid Pay for Cremation?” Medicare. https://www.medicare.org/articles/does-medicaid-pay-for-cremation/ 

Although the responsibility of covering funeral costs typically falls to the family or the estate of the deceased, county governments may provide financial assistance for those who are truly unable to afford these expenses. This assistance is reserved for individuals who meet specific criteria, which can vary by jurisdiction. Every state has laws dictating whether counties are responsible for covering cremation and burial costs.

If the estate lacks funds, the family is generally expected to cover the costs. If the family cannot agree, a probate judge may decide for them. However, if the deceased has no willing or financially able family, the state or county government may need to intervene. In these cases, the deceased and their family are often classified as indigent, meaning they fall below the poverty line and require financial support. Families can apply for assistance through state and county indigent burial programs, but must demonstrate a genuine financial need.

When no one comes forward to claim the body or cover costs, individuals can be deemed “unclaimed” in as little as two weeks, after which the county assumes responsibility. The county then handles arrangements, almost always opting for the most efficient option: direct cremation. After cremation, the ashes are buried in a shared grave or columbarium. This outcome is often difficult for families, as they do not receive the ashes. In rare cases, a county may opt for a casket burial if specified in an advance directive or by the next of kin, but this is uncommon. If the county cemetery is full or budgets are tight, direct cremation is the almost certain outcome.

Overall, while counties can cover funeral costs, it depends on state laws and local programs. Families who cannot pay may have costs covered but will likely lose the ability to choose burial over cremation and will not receive the ashes. Applying for indigent burial assistance does not guarantee coverage, as county budgets vary. Therefore, families are encouraged to seek alternative financial assistance and explore low-cost funeral options in case county aid is not available.

Sources

“Who Pays for Funeral Costs?” NOLO. https://www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/who-pays-for-funeral-costs.html 

“What is an indigent burial, and when to opt for a state-assisted funeral?” US Funerals Online. https://www.us-funerals.com/indigent-burials-and-cremations/ 

“Who is Legally Responsible for Funeral Costs”. Ever Loved. https://everloved.com/articles/funeral-planning/who-is-legally-responsible-for-funeral-costs/

Yes, there are charities and nonprofits that are able to provide financial assistance for funeral costs according to specific criteria and guidelines. Most states have a variety of local charities that are able to assist with funeral expenses, so individuals who are seeking financial assistance are often encouraged to seek local resources first before broadening their search on a national level. At the state and local level, some organizations that can provide financial assistance for funeral expenses include: 

• Memorial societies 
• Faith-based organizations 
• Environmental organizations (if interested in green burial) 

For ease of access in identifying potential memorial societies, the Funeral Consumer Alliance has developed a directory of memorial societies throughout the United States. If state charities and nonprofit organizations are unable to help, broadening the scope of the search to include national organizations is another alternative worth consideration. National charities and nonprofit organizations often have more funding, which means they are able to extend assistance to more candidates in comparison to state charities. Some well-known national charities include: 

• The TEARS Foundation
• Kaden’s Cause
• Final Farewell
  

However, these organizations offer assistance only to parents who have lost children under the age of 18. 

While many organizations do not specify criteria for eligibility to receive financial assistance for a funeral or burial, it is not uncommon for criteria to exist. Some charities and nonprofits focus solely on providing assistance to low-income families, while others base eligibility on the circumstances surrounding the loss, such as if a child died or if a loved one was killed in a natural disaster. Additionally, some organizations work closely with funeral homes to provide assistance by providing access to services at a reduced price. 

Individuals interested in pursuing financial assistance are generally encouraged to research potential options and contact a few organizations that may be a good fit.  It is important to note that some organizations may ask applicants to indicate if they have received financial assistance from any other programs or organizations, which may influence how much assistance is awarded if the request is approved. Ultimately, charitable and nonprofit organizations have a key role in covering funeral costs and arrangements for those who are in need. 

Sources

“Find an Affiliate”. Funeral Consumers Alliance. https://funerals.org/find-an-affiliate/ 

The financial burden of funeral expenses for low-income families can make the death of a loved one even more challenging — yet there are various funeral cost benefits by state, some federal assistance options, certain religious organizations, charities and crowdfunding platforms that can help. 

As far as government assistance, in most cases, the Social Security Administration offers a one-time death benefit of $255 to spouses or minor children of a deceased individual who was receiving Social Security benefits (though this amount has remained the same since 1954, despite the significant increase in funeral costs since then). If your loved one died in a disaster, FEMA may offer burial assistance.

To learn about what benefits may be available in your state, you can check with the state’s social services department either by looking online or calling a helpline, which is often available. Many states also have memorial organizations that can help — the Funeral Consumers Alliance is a helpful resource that can direct you to state chapters. 

To find a nonprofit organization or charity that may offer support for low-income families in need of funeral expense assistance, calling 211 can be a good first step to help you find local resources. Nonprofits or charities may have specific eligibility criteria and application processes, but they can be valuable resources for those who qualify. The Jewish Free Loan Association provides interest-free loans for funeral expenses to those of the Jewish faith in certain areas.

And, often many family members and friends are willing to donate to help defray funeral expenses, and using an online crowdfunding platform like GoFundMe makes the process relatively easy. 

Finally, if your loved one was a veteran of the United States military, the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) provides a range of benefits for deceased veterans, including burial allowance. This can include funds for burial and funeral costs, VA plot or interment allowance for the cost of the plot (gravesite) or interment, and VA transportation reimbursement for the cost of transporting the Veteran’s remains to the final resting place. If your loved one died during active duty or from a service-related injury, there are also funeral benefits available.

Sources

“Some states offer assistance to families unable to afford funeral costs”. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2022/01/19/some-states-offer-assistance-to-families-unable-to-afford-funeral-costs-.html 

“Find government benefits and financial help”. USAGov. https://www.usa.gov/benefit-finder?utm_source=usa_benefits-gov&utm_medium=redirect&utm_campaign=redirect_benefits-gov&modal=b-welcome-1899 

“Your Complete Guide to Getting Help With Funeral Costs”. Lincoln Heritage Funeral Advantage. https://www.lhlic.com/consumer-resources/need-help-with-funeral-costs-knowing-your-rights-can-save-you-money/ 

“Burial Funds & Programs That Help With Funeral Costs”. Debt. https://www.debt.org/family/help-with-funeral-costs/#Government_Burial_Assistance_Programs 

“Unexpected Life Events – Affording Funeral Costs”. Jewish Free Loan Association. https://www.jfla.org/blog/lifecycle-events-and-affording-them 

“Veterans burial allowance and transportation benefits”. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. https://www.va.gov/burials-memorials/veterans-burial-allowance/ 

“Veterans’ Funeral and Burial Benefits”. Funeral Consumers Alliance. https://funerals.org/get-help/veterans-funeral-and-burial-benefits/ 

The Social Security Administration offers a lump-sum death payment of $255 to eligible survivors if the person who died worked for a specific length of time at a job that provided Social Security benefits. The lump sum payment is not provided automatically, the eligible surviving spouse or child is required to apply to receive the payment within two years of their loved one’s date of death. 

Eligible individuals who are seeking to apply for the payment must complete form SSA-8 from the Social Security Administration, which can be found online or completed over the phone. The following documents should be gathered prior to completing the form to ensure that all of the necessary information is available:

• Verified copy of death certificate 
• Proof of birth or a birth certificate 
• Current W-2 forms or self-employment forms from the previous year
• Proof of citizenship or lawful alien status 
• Military discharge papers (only if the discharge was prior to 1968)

The Social Security Administration also recommends locating a checkbook or other documentation that includes an account number at a financial institution for ease of access in signing up for Direct Deposit during the application process. In addition to these documents, the eligible individual applying for the payment will be expected to answer a series of questions pertaining to the deceased. These questions can include: 

• The applicant’s name and Social Security number 
• The deceased individual’s name, date of birth, gender, and Social Security number
• The date and place of death 
• Whether the deceased filed for Social Security benefits, Medicare, or Supplemental Security Income
• Whether the deceased was in active military service
• Whether the deceased was unable to work due to illness, health conditions, or injuries during the 14 months prior to their death
• Whether the deceased worked in the railroad industry for 7 years
• Whether the deceased earned Social Security credits in another country’s social security system 
• Names, dates of birth, ages, and Social Security numbers of the deceased’s spouses, as well as marriage dates 
• Names of the deceased worker’s unmarried children 
• The amount of the deceased worker’s earnings during the year of death and the previous year 
• Whether the deceased had a parent who was a dependent for at least half of their support at the time of death 
• Whether the deceased and surviving spouse were living together at the time of death 

If the applicant is the surviving spouse, additional questions will be asked. If the applicant is not the surviving spouse, the Social Security Administration will request that the name and address of the surviving spouse be provided. It is important to note that the death benefit is a one-time payment and is not the same as the monthly benefits that are paid out to eligible survivors. Individuals that may be eligible for monthly survivors benefits can include:

• A surviving spouse, who is:
  • Full retirement age or older
  • Age 60 
  • With a disability, aged 50 through 59 
  • Any age, caring for a child under age 16 
• A child under age 18
  • Under age 19 if the child is in elementary or secondary school, or
  • With a disability 
• Dependent parents, age 62 or older 

The amount of survivors benefits paid out on a monthly basis will vary based on which criteria the eligible individual fits from the above list. In general, if the person who died had a higher amount paid into Social Security, their survivors can expect to have higher benefits per month. Additionally, survivors should be aware that there are limits on how much they can earn while receiving benefits.

Sources

“Find government benefits and financial help”. USAGov. https://www.usa.gov/benefit-finder?utm_source=usa_benefits-gov&utm_medium=redirect&utm_campaign=redirect_benefits-gov&modal=b-welcome-1899 

“Form SSA-8 | Information You Need To Apply For Lump Sum Death Benefit”. Social Security Administration. https://www.ssa.gov/forms/ssa-8.html 

“Does Social Security Pay for Funeral Expenses?” Help Advisor. https://www.helpadvisor.com/social-security/does-social-security-pay-for-funeral-expenses 

“Survivor Benefits”. Social Security Administration.  https://www.ssa.gov/survivor#h0 

“Receiving Benefits While Working”. Social Security Administration. https://www.ssa.gov/benefits/retirement/planner/whileworking.html#h1 

Yes, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) can provide assistance if your loved one has died in a natural disaster. FEMA provides funeral assistance under the Other Needs Assistance (ONA) provision of the Individuals and Households Program. Through this provision, applicants can receive financial assistance or direct services to cover necessary expenses and serious needs resulting from a disaster. Any IHP assistance must occur within 18 months of the presidential disaster declaration, so individuals are encouraged to apply in a timely manner. Additionally, all of the following criteria must be met by the applicant in order to be eligible for assistance: 

• The applicant or someone living with the applicant must be a U.S. citizen, non-citizen national, or qualified alien 
• The applicant must not have any insurance or if they have filed an insurance claim, the claim cannot cover all of their losses
• The applicant must pass FEMA’s identity and occupancy verification if it applies
• The applicant must have expenses or serious needs due to losses in a presidentially declared disaster area

Although some types of Other Needs Assistance depend on the applicant’s approval for a disaster loan from the Small Business Administration (SBA), this condition is not applicable for funeral assistance. Individuals who are interested in requesting funeral assistance can apply for the ONA provision online, in person at a Disaster Recovery Center,  or over the phone by calling the FEMA Helpline. Additionally, applicants will be required to provide verifiable documentation to FEMA to demonstrate their need for funeral assistance. This documentation typically includes: 

• A death certificate 
• Documentation from an authoritative state or local entity attributing death or injury to the declared disaster 
• Proof that the applicant is the next of kin according to the state or local authority 
• Confirmation that funeral expenses have not been paid for with other resources 
• Proof of unmet funeral expenses 

Additionally, eligibility can vary based on the specific disaster and the circumstances. For example, funeral assistance for a disinterred coffin can only be provided if the coffin was located in a family cemetery on private property, and the coffin was removed from the ground by the disaster. Funeral assistance may also be denied if the death of the individual cannot be attributed to the disaster, funeral expenses are already fully covered by other resources, or incomplete/insufficient documentation was provided. 

Sources

“Individuals and Households Program”. FEMA. https://www.fema.gov/fact-sheet/individuals-and-households-program 

“FEMA Individuals and Households Program (IHP) – Other Needs Assistance”. Disaster Assistance. https://www.disasterassistance.gov/get-assistance/forms-of-assistance/4473 

“Disaster Funeral Assistance”. FEMA. https://www.fema.gov/pdf/media/factsheets/2011/dad_funeral.pdf 

If you or your loved one was honorably discharged from the U.S. Armed Services, you can be buried in a national cemetery, and the Veterans Administration will cover the cost of the burial plot and a grave marker as well as opening and closing fees and perpetual care. However, you will need to pay all other funeral costs, such as a viewing or service, embalming (if you choose) transportation of the body and costs associated with the burial. 

Since space in national cemeteries is limited, the VA allows veterans and their families who wish to take advantage of this benefit to submit an application in advance.This pre-determination of eligibility is based on the veteran’s service record and may be available to not only the service member but their spouse, dependent children and, in some cases, adult children who are unmarried and still living in the family home. A determination of eligibility does not, however, guarantee that the person will be buried in a specific national cemetery, nor does it grant access to  Arlington National Cemetery or the U.S. Soldiers & Airmen’s Home National Cemetery, which are maintained by the Department of the Army. 

You can find a list of national cemeteries on this interactive map supplied by the Department of Veterans Affairs.

The Department of Veterans Affairs also provides a modest funeral benefit to the survivors of eligible veterans. For service-related deaths, the agency will pay up to $2,000 if the veteran died after September 11, 2001. For non-service related deaths, they will pay up to $893 toward burial and funeral expenses and $893 for a burial plot as of January 2023. (This amount may increase in 2024.)  The VA will also pay up to $231 for a headstone or marker. 

Additional benefits may be available to survivors of veterans who died of a service-related disability. 

Sources

“Smart Ways to Cover the Costs of a Funeral”. AARP. https://www.aarp.org/family-relationships/paying-for-cost-of-funeral/ 

“Pre-need eligibility for burial in a VA cemetery”. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. https://www.va.gov/burials-memorials/pre-need-eligibility/

“National Cemetery Administration”. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. https://www.cem.va.gov/find-cemetery/index.asp 

“Veterans burial allowance and transportation benefits”. U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. https://www.va.gov/burials-memorials/veterans-burial-allowance/ 

Many houses of worship, including churches, mosques, temples and synagogues, hold funerals for those who worship there. Costs vary, so it’s a good idea to call around. Members of the clergy rarely charge a fee for conducting a service. However, an honorarium, either in the form of a direct payment to the officiant or a donation to the house of worship, is customary. 

Keep in mind, too, that if you choose direct cremation or immediate burial without a viewing, you can hold a funeral service at any location you choose. For example, you might consider a small gathering at a local restaurant for close friends and family, and host a larger gathering at a later time. 

See our Step-by-step  Planning Guides: Choosing Funeral Arrangements and Disposition and Memorial Service Ideas for more tips. You can also check out our e-book 7 Ways to Create a Memorable Celebration of Life ) 

While prices vary significantly depending on your location and specific needs, low-cost funerals typically range from $1,000 to $3,000. Direct cremation is the least expensive option, often ranging between $750 and $1,100 from a low-cost provider. Direct burial, while still an affordable option, can cost slightly more, averaging around $2,500, not including the price of a burial plot, casket, or grave marker — which can add several more thousand dollars of expense.

Direct cremation involves no formal ceremony or visitation. The deceased is cremated shortly after death. Direct burial is similar to direct cremation in that there will be no ceremony beforehand, and the deceased’s remains are buried without a viewing or service at the cemetery. However, you may consider holding a small graveside service rather than a traditional funeral or a memorial service or celebration of life sometime in the future when your budget allows. 

Green burial, an eco-friendlier burial alternative, is another option you may want to consider. While prices will differ from place to place, a green burial typically costs from $1,000 to $4,000. This price range generally accounts for the opening and closing of the grave, though it does not include transportation of the body. The cost of a green burial can also vary depending on numerous factors, like plot location, type of plot marker (if any), and the type of biodegradable casket or shroud used. In general, green burials tend to be less expensive than traditional funeral practices due to the lack of embalming, ornate caskets, and concrete burial vaults.

Sources 

“Looking for a “low cost” or even FREE cremation service?” US Funerals Online. https://www.us-funerals.com/low-cost-and-free-cremations/ 

“How Much Does a Direct Burial Cost?” Funeralocity. https://www.funeralocity.com/blog/how-much-does-a-direct-burial-cost/ 

“How Much Does Cremation Cost?” Choice Mutual. https://choicemutual.com/blog/cremation-cost/ 

“Green Burial Guide: Cost, Pros, & Cons to a Natural Burial” Final Expense Direct. https://finalexpensedirect.com/green-burial/ 

“Guide to Green Burial – A Natural Approach to Funerals”. Lincoln Heritage Funeral Advantage. https://www.lhlic.com/consumer-resources/green-burial/ 

No. When your loved one is cremated, the service provider will usually present you with the person’s ashes in a temporary container made of plastic or cardboard. If you’re scattering the ashes, this container may well be sufficient for your needs. However, if you want to keep the ashes in your home or distribute them among relatives, you will need one or more urns. But you do not have to buy these from the funeral home, nor can a funeral home charge you a fee for using a container you bought elsewhere, according to the Funeral Rule. Shop online for the best price. Then have the urn delivered to the funeral home or bring it with you when you pick up your loved one’s ashes if you don’t want to transfer the ashes yourself. 

For those who want an urn but lack the financial resources to buy one,  The Memorial Gallery in Gig Harbor, Washington, provides slightly blemished urns for free to families in need. The family only needs to cover shipping costs, which average about $12 to $15. The type of urns available vary; some are metal and some are wood. 

If you would like to take advantage of this generous offer, you may do so on the Memorial Gallery website or by calling 253-649-0567 or 1-877-996-URNS. Please let the company representative know if the urn is for a man, woman or child. 

Sources

“The FTC Funeral Rule”. Federal Trade Commission. https://consumer.ftc.gov/articles/ftc-funeral-rule 

“Free Funeral Alliance Slightly Blemished Urn”. Memorial Gallery. https://www.funeral-urn.com/free-funeral-alliance-slightly-blemished-urn.html 

The best way to save money on a casket is to shop around and make your choice before you or your loved one dies. The Funeral Rule requires that service providers give you a list of casket prices before taking you into the showroom. Use that list to decide how much you want to spend, and steer clear of the high-end caskets the funeral provider may encourage you to buy. 

As a general rule, caskets available from funeral service providers cost anywhere from about $1000 to $5,000 and up depending on the material, style and any accouterments you wish to add. Simple caskets made from inexpensive wood such as pine typically are among the least expensive as are those made from lightweight steel. Caskets made from exotic hardwoods such as mahogany cost considerably more, as do those made from stainless or heavy-weight steel, copper or bronze. Hardware such as metal handles and gaskets or decorative additions such as an engraved plaque will also add to the price. 

Probably the most economical way to shop for a casket is to avoid the funeral home altogether and buy from a casket retailer, either in a showroom or online. According to Kiplinger, funeral homes often mark up the price of a casket by as much as 300%, so it’s almost always possible to find a less costly alternative somewhere else. What’s more, the Funeral Rule prohibits a funeral home from adding a handling fee if you buy a casket from a different vendor. If they try to do so, contact your local chapter of the Funeral Consumer Alliance and file a complaint with the FTC. 

You can always build a casket or a coffin for yourself or a loved one. Although still a rarity here in the United States, building a simple wooden coffin that is suitable for burial or cremation is not very difficult if you have the right supplies. Northwood Caskets Company in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, offers a DIY coffin kit for $800, which includes a downloadable pdf and step by step instructions. Or if you are very handy, you can buy, cut and assemble the wood coffin yourself using the instructions provided on its website. 

Lastly, the cheapest option is to use a cardboard casket. Under federal law, a casket is not required if you choose cremation. Families may purchase an alternative container, such as an affordable cardboard casket, either online or through the funeral provider. For those planning a home funeral before cremation, a cardboard casket can be a meaningful and customizable option. Many families personalize the container by painting it with colors, illustrations, or designs, while others drape it with fabric to create a softer, more beautiful presentation for a home viewing. Keep in mind that hiring a home funeral guide can help you through the process of keeping the body at home till you are ready for the disposition.

Sources

“The Lowdown on Funeral Costs”. Kiplinger. https://www.kiplinger.com/article/retirement/t021-c000-s001-the-lowdown-on-funeral-costs.html#HiI4cOwggMcqCQza.99 

Report Fraud or File a Complaint. Federal Trade Commission. https://reportfraud.ftc.gov/ 

SevenPonds recommends the following resources to our clients who wish to learn more about making low cost funeral arrangements.

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) “Funeral Rule”

The Funeral Rule is a federal law that serves as your strongest consumer shield when dealing with the death care industry. It legally compels funeral providers to give you an itemized General Price List (GPL) upfront, preventing them from hiding fees or forcing you into bundled packages. Crucially, it prohibits funeral homes from charging you a handling fee if you choose to buy an affordable casket from an outside retailer like Costco or an online provider.

Funeral Consumers Alliance (FCA)

The Funeral Consumers Alliance is the only national, independent non-profit watchdog group dedicated to protecting a consumer’s right to a fair and affordable funeral. The organization tracks industry trends, exposes predatory pricing schemes, and publishes free, state-by-state price comparison surveys. By teaching families exactly how to negotiate with funeral directors, the FCA helps grieving relatives avoid taking on devastating, unnecessary debt.

The Green Burial Council

As a environmental and consumer advocacy group, the Green Burial Council sets the national certification standards for eco-friendly, natural burial grounds. Because green burials forbid the use of expensive cosmetic embalming fluids, concrete grave vaults, and elaborate hardwood caskets, they are inherently far cheaper than traditional modern burials. The council provides direct public directories of certified cemeteries that allow families to return their loved ones directly to the earth in simple, cost-effective shrouds or wicker baskets.

Home Funeral Alliance

The Home Funeral Alliance empowers families to legally reclaim the practice of caring for their own dead at home. They provide educational resources and a directory to help families and communities. A home funeral can be an ideal option for those who are seeking an affordable and more personalized approach to honoring someone who has died.

Veterans Affairs (VA) Burial Benefits

The Department of Veterans Affairs provides comprehensive end-of-life assistance to honorably discharged veterans and, in many cases, their eligible spouses. This benefit guarantees a free burial plot in a designated national cemetery, along with a government-provided headstone, perpetual grave care, and a ceremonial presentation flag. Additionally, depending on the veteran’s service-related history, the VA may provide direct monetary allowances ranging from several hundred to a few thousand dollars to help cover external funeral costs.